Question description
TEXTBOOK Cultural Diversity in Health and Illness
8th Edition, 2013 ISBN-13: 9780132840064
AUTHOR Rachel E. Spector
PUBLSIHER Pearson
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The nurse desires to become more culturally competent when providing care to patients from
non-English- speaking cultures. Which action would the nurse take to achieve this self-
expectation?
a. Commit to a time-consuming journey
b. Find a seminar on cultural competence
c. Talk to people from different cultures
d. Attend a festival from a different culture
2. The staff development educator is analyzing ways to incorporate cultural competency concepts
in continuing education programs. How will the educator explain the concept of cultural
competency to staff?
a. Philosophy
b. Condition
c. Theory
d. Fad
3. A health care organization is planning continuing education for all staff on culturally and
linguistically appropriate service delivery. Which category of culturally and linguistically
appropriate services in health care will this action support?
a. Fundamentals of culturally competent care
b. Speaking of culturally competent care
c. Structuring culturally competent care
d. Manage the dynamics of difference
4. The nurse is unable to locate an interpreter to support a patient from a non-English-speaking
culture. The patient asks a family member to interpret for the staff. What would the nurse do to
ensure culturally and linguistically appropriate services for this patient?
a. Use sign language.
b. Write the questions down for the patient to answer.
c. Do nothing until an interpreter can be located.
d. Use the family member as an interpreter until a non–family member can be located.
5. A patient from a non-English-speaking culture comes into the health clinic seeking care. The
nurse is unable to determine the patient’s primary language. What should the nurse do?
a. Notify Security
b. Encourage the patient to seek care elsewhere
c. Ask for help to determine the patient’s primary language
d. Contact a homeless shelter
6. In a non-English-speaking patient’s medical records, it is indicated that he has no family.
However, a large group of people stating that they are the patient’s family have just arrived to
the critical care unit. What impact does this miscommunication have on the patient’s care?
a. Increase the cost
b. Poor decision making
c. Improve the outcomes
d. Enhance therapeutic communication
7. The nurse working in a Joint Commission–accredited organization is admitting a patient from a
non-English- speaking culture. Which action supports the Joint Commission principle of
effective communication?
a. Manage the dynamics of difference
b. Value diversity
c. Assess communication needs
d. Adapt to diversity
8. The nurse determines that a patient is in the process of acculturation. What did the nurse
assess in this patient?
a. Americanization of the patient’s name
b. Engaging in activities with members of the family’s preferred social group
c. Speaking the family’s native language
d. Living away from the family of origin
9. A patient born in a European country speaks excellent American English. The nurse realizes that
this patient has achieved which type of assimilation?
a. Marital
b. Cultural
c. Primary structural
d. Secondary structural
10. The nurse is planning care for an older patient. What will the nurse take into consideration to
reduce generational conflict?
a. Events that occurred when the patient was 10 years of age
b. Ethnocultural status of the nurse
c. Age of the nurse
d. All of the above.
11. A seminal event in the boomer generation that can still elicit comments today is the question:
a. “Where were you when John F. Kennedy was shot?”
b. “Do you remember Pearl Harbor?”
c. “What were you doing on September 11, 2001?”
d. “How did the Challenger tragedy affect you?”
12. The staff development instructor is planning a seminar that focuses on the variables leading to
generational conflict. What will the instructor include in this content?
a. Decade of birth
b. Generation in the United States
c. Class
d. All of the above.
13. A health care provider comments that a patient is “too old to take care of herself” and needs
to “let a man make decisions for her.” The nurse recognizes that this health care provider is
demonstrating which misanthropic feelings?
a. Ethnocentrism
b. Sexism
c. Racism
d. Heterosexism
14. According to the 2010 Census, 40.3 million people are aged 65 and over. What are the
long-term implications for the health of this group?
a. Providing health care that is focused on gerontological needs
b. Developing medications to prolong life at any cost
c. Providing health insurance for all age groups
d. Developing systems to provide health care only to those older citizens who remain
healthy
15. A patient, an immigrant from another country, is waiting to be seen in the Emergency
Department. What difficulties is this patient dealing with since coming to a new country?
a. Learning a new language
b. Adapting to a new climate
c. Eating new foods
d. All of the above.
16. The nurse notes that a larger number of foreign-born patients are being seen in the hospital.
From which leading country are the majority of foreign-born, legal permanent residents?
a. Europe
b. Mexico
c. South America
d. None of the above.
17. Legal permanent residents tend to initially settle in urban areas. What can be inferred from
this?
a. Employment may be found but will probably be in lesser-paying jobs
b. Unemployment will not be a concern
c. Employment is easy to obtain in urban areas
d. Income earning potential is higher
18. The nurse desires employment in a metropolitan area with a high percentage of foreign-born
legal residents. In which areas would the nurse consider employment?
a. New York City
b. Los Angeles
c. Miami
d. All of the above.
19. The nurse is trying to determine if a patient is a refugee. Which characteristics would the
patient need to fulfill in order to be classified as a refugee?
a. Person is outside the country of nationality
b. Person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of persecution
c. Person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of fear of persecution
d. All of the above.
20. What disease prevention and health promotion determinants would the nurse review when
assessing a patient?
a. Learn the patient’s lifestyle
b. Understand the patient’s environment
c. Identify how to measure progress
d. a and b only
21. Besides being important public health issues and motivating people to action, what purpose do
the Healthy People 2020 objectives serve?
a. Measure the impact of prevention activities
b. Provide monetary worth to the nation
c. Replace other tools
d. Identify people needing secondary health services
22. Why would health care providers refer to Healthy People 2020 when providing patient care?
a. It serves as a monitoring system that evaluates the health of all citizens.
b. It supports health policies that provide monetary incentives to states who reach the
benchmark goals.
c. It provides a plan to continue to improve the health of everyone in the United States.
d. It is mandated legislation that will result in a healthier population by 2020.
23. While reviewing the Healthy People 2020 document, the nurse identifies what as being the
main objectives of the program?
a. Ensuring that all Americans have one physical each year
b. Emphasize an ecological approach to disease prevention and health promotion.
c. Ensuring that all Americans have health insurance
d. Eliminating childhood diseases
24. Within the Healthy People 2020 document, what characteristics contribute to health disparity
in the United States?
a. Race
b. Religion
c. Gender
d. All of the above.
25. What is the Healthy People 2020 goal for health disparities?
a. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
b. Reduce health disparities among Americans.
c. Eliminate health disparities among Americans.
d. Recognize health disparities among elderly.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. While assessing a patient from the Jewish culture, the nurse learns that the patient believes that an illness is being caused by another soul. What is this health belief considered?
a. Aberglobin
b. Kayn aynhoreh
c. Szatan
d. Dybbuk
2. While caring for an infant of Puerto Rican descent, the nurse sees a black amulet on a chain on the wrist of the baby’s right hand. What should the nurse do with the amulet?
a. Remove the amulet
b. Leave it on the baby’s wrist
c. Ask that the amulet be removed until the baby is older
d. Move it to the baby’s ankle
3. During an assessment, a patient tells the nurse, “An onion a day keeps everyone away.” How does this philosophy protect health?
a. Protects the person from coming in contact with those who might be ill
b. Affirms the belief in the power of onions to prevent disease
c. Recognizes the special antibiotic properties contained within onions
d. Advertises that onions have special healing abilities
4. While caring for a patient from the Chinese culture, the nurse learns that the patient has a specific practice that follows yin and yang. What impact will this have on the patient’s dietary intake?
a. There are specific foods for specific purposes
b. Some foods are only eaten at different times of the year
c. The patient will eat only specified proportions of food
d. Identifies if foods should be eaten hot or cold
5. Which patient statement reflects a spiritual belief that defines illness?
a. ”I am being punished for breaking a religious code”
b. “It is a necessary part of my religious culture”
c. “I failed to wear special amulets to ward it off”
d. “I am sick because I violated dietary practices”
6. During a health history, a patient tells the nurse about following traditional epidemiological practices. What is the purpose of these practices?
a. Uses folk medicine herbal remedies
b. Used as a part of the patient’s religion
c. Used to cure an illness
d. Used to preserve a heritage
7. The nurse learns that a patient used to follow homeopathic medicine but now only uses allopathic medicine approaches. What is the significance of allopathic medicine?
a. Is practiced only where it is accepted
b. Accepts other forms of therapy as valid for treating disease
c. Empirical science and scientific methods for treating disease
d. Encompasses different treatment modalities within its framework
8. A patient with a progressive neurological disease wants to visit shrines in the United States to offer prayers for healing. Which shrines would be available for the patient to visit?
a. The Tomb of Menachem Mendel Schneerson
b. Shrine of Our Lady of San Juan
c. Shrine of our Lord of Esquipulas
d. All of the above.
9. A patient with terminal cancer is planning a trip to Lourdes, France, the site of a revered Roman Catholic shrine. What is the significance of visiting this shrine?
a. Receiving a cure through a miracle
b. Being able to live a long life
c. Becoming more prosperous
d. Gaining insight about the cause of disease
10. What would be alternative treatment modalities used during an illness?
a. Willingness to seek a second medical opinion
b. Consultation of a healer outside the medical establishment
c. Refusal to allow any medical treatment to be performed
d. Strict adherence to the prescribed medical regimen
11. A patient adheres to the teachings of Seventh-day Adventist. What practice is followed by
those within this religion?
a. Abstinence from alcohol, coffee, and tea
b. Avoid pork
c. Fasting once a month
d. Follow a vegetarian diet
12. A patient tells the nurse that no blood or blood products will be accepted as a form of health
treatment. This patient is most likely a member of which religion?
a. Jehovah’s Witness
b. Roman Catholic
c. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
d. Christian Science
13. A patient follows the teachings of Christian Science and will not take any medications, but for
which health problem will medications be used by members of this religion?
a. Antibiotics
b. Chemotherapy to treat cancer
c. Immunizations to comply with civil law
d. Narcotics for pain relief
14. Which actions are considered to be health restoration practices for individuals of Eastern
European Jewish heritage?
a. Chicken soup
b. Glass of wine
c. Alcohol massage
d. All of the above.
15. A patient tells the nurse about using cod liver oil every day. Which heritages utilize cod liver oil
as a health maintenance practice?
a. English Episcopal
b. English Baptist
c. Norwegian Lutheran
d. a and c only
16. Which health restoration practice for a cold would the nurse assess in a patient of English
Catholic heritage?
a. Rubbing the chest with Vicks
b. Drinking honey and vinegar
c. Gargling with water and vinegar
d. Drinking warm milk
17. During an assessment, the nurse asks a patient of Irish Catholic heritage to identify a health
protection practice that is ingested. What practice will this patient most likely follow?
a. Senna tea
b. Yeast
c. Wine
d. Hot peppermint tea
18. A patient of Swedish-American Protestant descent wants a specific HEALTH protection
intervention to maintain throat health. Which action will the patient most likely request?
a. Gargling with salt and taking honey with milk
b. Having the throat blessed on St. Blaise Day
c. Ingesting baking soda
d. Staying in a steamy bathroom when the throat is sore
19. A patient tells the nurse that Father John’s Medicine is used as a HEALTH protection practice
from November to May. Individuals from which heritage uses this remedy?
a. Italian-American Catholics
b. English-American Episcopalians
c. Canadian Catholics
d. Native American Baptists
20. The cost of prescription medications, an indicator of health care costs, has skyrocketed from
$2.7 million in 1960 to $234.1 billion in 2008. What would be a reason for the increase in
prescription medication costs?
a. Technology costs associated with new drug development
b. Health insurance covers all medication costs
c. People want more prescription medications for all of their illnesses
d. The majority of prescription medications are used by an increasingly aging population
21. The nurse is reviewing the costs associated with providing care for specific health problems in
2006. Which health problems increased since 1999?
a. Respiratory intubation and mechanical ventilation
b. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
c. Cardiac pacemaker
d. All of the above.
22. What was the focus of health care during the early part of the twentieth century?
a. Discovery of external cardiac pacing
b. Maternal and child health
c. Implementing Medicare
d. Reducing the impact of HIV/AIDS
23. What was the impact of infrastructure on the health care industry in the middle of the
twentieth century?
a. Development of the foundation for today’s costly tests and treatments
b. Restriction of public immunizations and medications for communicable diseases
c. Social policy planning for health care expenditures
d. Decrease of hospital building and local resources for health care
24. What impact did social and health policy have on the health care system in the latter part of
the twentieth century?
a. Affordable health care for all citizens
b. The majority of health care being paid for through government subsidies
c. Exploding health care costs and the challenges to reform and control them
d. Health care costs decreasing as a result of social and health policy
25. What was the goal of health care reform efforts in the 1990s?
a. Making health care affordable, comprehensive, and accessible
b. Allocating health resources based on priority needs
c. Providing government-subsidized health care
d. Ensuring all citizens had health insurance
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The nurse is observing a healing ceremony performed by people of the American Indian culture. What is a characteristic of this ceremony?
a. Sound
b. Quiet
c. Herbal teas
d. Hallucinogenic plants
2. A patient of the American Indian culture tells the nurse that the medicine man is consulted when an illness develops. How does a person become a medicine man?
a. Know the interrelationships between people, the earth, and the universe
b. Understand the ways of plants and animals
c. Perform special ceremonies
d. All of the above.
3. What is the difference between the modern physician and the medicine man when determining the cause of an illness?
a. The medicine man looks for the physical cause of the problem
b. The medicine man looks for the spiritual cause of the problem
c. The medicine man studies the patient’s past medical history to determine the cause of
the illness
d. The medicine man studies the dietary practices of the person being seen
4. In which American Indian tribe are meditation and herbs used to create a trance to provide the vision of the evil that causes an illness?
a. Hopi
b. Sioux
c. Navajo
d. Cherokee
5. Which Navajo American Indian divination method will women practice to diagnose the cause of a disease?
a. Singing
b. Listening
c. Motion in the hand
d. Stargazing
6. What is the purpose of sand paintings when diagnosing illness in the Navajo American Indian culture?
a. Creates symbolic representations of the client and family
b. Ensures that appropriate payment is made by the family
c. Provides an atmosphere of calm for the medicine man
d. Determines the cause and treatment of the illness
7. The nurse is conducting a medication history with a patient from the Oneida American Indian culture. Which remedies would the nurse include as part of this history?
a. Witch hazel
b. Comfrey
c. Skunk oil
d. All of the above.
8. A patient that is of the American Indian culture is waiting to be seen in a non-Indian Health Service facility. What concern might this patient have about receiving health care through this route?
a. Conflict between his or her perception of the illness and what the physician diagnoses
b. Easier to receive medical care through emergency departments rather than private
physicians
c. Receive better health care from mainstream medical services
d. Concern that medical insurance won’t cover all the medical costs
9. Which action would the nurse take when assessing a patient of American Indian culture?
a. Remaining quiet and recognizing the importance of nonverbal communication to seek
information
b. Asking detailed questions regarding the presenting symptoms
c. Asking indirect questions about the reason for seeking health care
d. Ensuring that no one beyond the medical provider and the client discuss what has
brought the client to seek care
10. Which is a concept of holism in traditional Chinese medicine?
a. Integration of the body with the external environment
b. Energy fields that create health or disease
c. Local pathology as separate from the body
d. Harmonic balance that creates illness
11. Which action would a patient, who practices Ayurvedic medicine, take to reestablish harmony
and balance in the body?
a. Sit in the sun
b. Massage
c. Do yoga and meditation
d. Ingest a substance to cleanse the body of substances that cause disease
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