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The medieval idea that Christians took the place of Jews as God’s chosen people is known as the:
Question 1 options:
[removed] | Aryan supremacy myth |
[removed] | Crusader ideal |
[removed] | Supersession Myth |
[removed] | Christian inheritance myth |
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A preconceived negative & unfavorable opinion formed against ‘another’ person or group, based on a stereotype, & held in disregard of the facts; suspicion, intolerance, or irrational hatred of other races, creeds, religions, ethnic groups, homosexuals, the poor, immigrants, etc.
Question 2 options:
[removed] | Preference |
[removed] | Prejudice |
[removed] | Scapegoat |
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Jews are not a race, as stated by the Nazis, but people who adhered to ______, a system of laws, religion and culture of the Jews; with its concept of ethical/moral conduct monotheism, had a major influence on Christianity, Islam, and Western civilization
Question 3 options:
[removed] | Paganism |
[removed] | Judaism |
[removed] | Buddhism |
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In Latin Christendom, resentment and hatred was focused on the stereotype of the Jew possessed by the Devil, having tails and horns, and symbol of Satan, because Christians saw Jews as murderers of Christ, using Christian children’s blood for religious ceremonies, and poisoning wells; this imagery of the Jew as Satan/the Devil, derives at first from
Question 4 options:
[removed] | Christian antisemitism in the Middle Ages |
[removed] | Modern political antisemitism in the 19th century |
[removed] | Himmler’s diary |
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Because Jews refused to change their ways and convert during the Middle Ages, non-Jews wondered what they should do about them. “What should we do about this Jewish minority among us?” became:
Question 5 options:
[removed] | The “Jewish Question” |
[removed] | The “Minority Question” |
[removed] | The “Antisemitic Question” |
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A town areas where Jews were segregated in the 16th century
Question 6 options:
[removed] | The Jewish Quarter |
[removed] | Ghetto |
[removed] | The Jewish area |
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In his booklet Of the Jews and Their Lies, __________ proposed to set on fire synagogues
Question 7 options:
[removed] | Calvin |
[removed] | Luther |
[removed] | Hitler |
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From the end of the 18th c. & 19th c., and following the French Revolution and conquests
Question 8 options:
[removed] | Jews achieved emancipation – legal equality in most European lands |
[removed] | Jews left the ghetto & became successful entrepreneurs, bankers, lawyers |
[removed] | a & b |
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Modern antisemitism has the following contributing factors
Question 9 options:
[removed] | The 19th c. exclusive romantic movement emphasizing an exclusive nationalism |
[removed] | Racial nationalism, & the class antagonism deriving from modern capitalism |
[removed] | a & b |
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In France, in 1886, Edouard Drumont published one of the best-sellers of the 2nd half of the 19th c., Jewish France, which argued that the Jews had gained control of France, blamed the Jews for capitalism, attributed all the nation’s misfortunes to the Jews, & accused them of deicide.
In 1894, this Jewish officer in the French army was falsely accused of treason
Question 10 options:
[removed] | Alfred Dreyfus |
[removed] | The Baron of Rothschild |
[removed] | Theodor Herzl |
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In Poland, around the middle of the 18th c., in the context of the Haidamak riots -attacks of Ukrainian peasants against Jews, and dozens of blood libels, a new mystical movement with joyful worship, arose within Judaism, founded by Israel Ba’al Shem Tov (Besht)
Question 11 options:
[removed] | Hassidism |
[removed] | the joyful movement |
[removed] | the mystical movement |
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Austrian Jewish journalist, who, horrified by the antisemitism he witnessed in Paris during the 1894 trial of a French Jewish officer, founded Zionism – Jewish national movement, for a return to Zion, symbolic name to the historic homeland of the Jews
Question 12 options:
[removed] | Barak |
[removed] | Herzl |
[removed] | Dreyfus |
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In the 19th c., the German Romantic ‘Volkish’ movement excluded the Jews as strangers and second-class citizens, because
Question 13 options:
[removed] | It evoked the image of a mythical golden past, with a supposed superiority |
[removed] | It produced an idealization of the Middle Ages with Christian knights |
[removed] | a & b |
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The belief that race in the 19th c., accounts for differences in human character or ability and that a particular race is superior to others; discrimination or prejudice based on race.
Question 14 options:
[removed] | ethnocentrism |
[removed] | racism |
[removed] | antisemitism |
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German composer (1813-83) who fueled racial difference theory; expressed a German nationalistic terminology called volkisch (people-integral nation), in racist terms
Question 15 options:
[removed] | Richard Wagner |
[removed] | Chopin |
[removed] | Strauss |
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Racialist volkish thinkers claimed that the German race was purer than, and therefore superior to, all other races, that
Question 16 options:
[removed] | Intermarriage between races was contamination |
[removed] | Jews were international conspirators plotting to dominate the world |
[removed] | a & b |
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In the 19th c., a traditional, biased Christian perception of Jews and Judaism was supplemented by national-racial considerations. In mid-19th c., this Frenchman, Arthur de Gobineau, published Essay on the Inequality of Human Races; this author saw in what he called the ‘Aryan’ race -blond, tall, blue-eyed, a cultural people ___________ to the others
Question 17 options:
[removed] | superior |
[removed] | inferior |
[removed] | equal |
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Modern German antisemitism was based on
Question 18 options:
[removed] | religion |
[removed] | nationalism, racism, & false racial theories |
[removed] | racism |
[removed] | a and c |
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Whereas Christian anti-Judaism believed that through conversion, Jews could escape the curse of their religion, racial antisemites said that Jews were indelibly stained & condemned
Question 19 options:
[removed] | Because they are guilty of deicide |
[removed] | By their genes: their evil derived from inherited racial characteristics |
[removed] | a and b |
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Antisemitism: ‘modern,’ ‘scientific’ term for Jew-hatred & anti-Jewish movement and ideology, in a secular society; (calling Jews a physically and mentally inferior group); this term was first coined & used by this German racial thinker____, in 1879
Question 20 options:
[removed] | Richard Wagner |
[removed] | Wilhelm Marr |
[removed] | Alfred Dreyfus |
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German land, in the end of the 19th century, saw the rise of political anti-Semitism (using Jews as scapegoat for political & economic problems in order to gain political power); the radical right in political parties
Question 21 options:
[removed] | Saw Jew-hatred as a popular formula for mobilizing all social classes |
[removed] | Manufactured the myth of the wicked Jew |
[removed] | a & b |
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In the 1920s, the Nazis exploited this book, ____________________, a notorious forgery and a myth about a Jewish conspiracy to take over the world, to justify persecution of the Jews.
Question 22 options:
[removed] | The Protocols of the Elders of Zion |
[removed] | Jewish France |
[removed] | The Jewish Conspiracy |
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This famous forgery about an international Jewish plot to rule the world, was introduced to the US by
Question 23 options:
[removed] | Franklin Roosevelt |
[removed] | Henry Ford |
[removed] | Harry Truman |
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On June 28, 1919, the ____ signed with Germany, ended WWI – the Great War, & had profound & far-reaching impact on the infant German republic that had to pay heavy reparations.
Question 24 options:
[removed] | Treaty of Berlin |
[removed] | Treaty of Versailles |
[removed] | Treaty of verdun |
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The Germans hated the 1919 Treaty ending World War I, because of article 231:
Question 25 options:
[removed] | The ‘Proud Clause’ proclaiming the victory of the Allies |
[removed] | The ‘War Guilt Clause’ blaming them for causing the war |
[removed] | The “War Reparations Clause” |
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According to this treaty, Germany also lost her colonies and large portions of German territory: Alsace-Lorraine to France, and section of Prussia to the new
Question 26 options:
[removed] | Polish state |
[removed] | French state |
[removed] | Italian state |
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After the Great War (World War I), Friedrich Ebert, the leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) proclaimed the establishment of a German democratic state known as ___________________; it was the first time democracy came to Germany; this government which preceded that of the Nazi party, lasted 14 years, 1919-1933.
Question 27 options:
[removed] | The Weimar Republic, new government of the moderate Left. |
[removed] | The Kaiser Republic, new government of the extreme right |
[removed] | The Kaiser Republic, new government of the extreme left |
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In 1919, Germany was a centralized democratic state ruled by a Reichstag (Parliament); the president appointed the leader of the majority party in the Reichstag as
Question 28 options:
[removed] | Kaiser |
[removed] | Chancellor |
[removed] | Fuhrer |
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General Ludendorff explained that the German army was defeated in 1918 by Democrats, Catholic Center party, Socialists and Jews, by an internal enemy; this ______ legend was used by Hitler and the Nazis to undermine the new German democratic government.
Question 29 options:
[removed] | stab in the back |
[removed] | stab in the ankle |
[removed] | Jewish stab |
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Major Ernst Rohm, typical Freikorps, became leader of the Nazi brown Storm Troops (Sturmabteilung – paramilitary armed formation of the right, composed of vigilantes war veterans, founded by Hitler to protect party gatherings) or the
Question 30 options:
[removed] | SA |
[removed] | SM |
[removed] | NST |
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After Hitler joined a small Volkisch party in 1919, the name of the party was changed to the National Socialist German Worker’s party – the Nationalsozialisticsche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, NSDAP – or
Question 31 options:
[removed] | the Nazi party |
[removed] | the Deutsche party |
[removed] | the NDA party |
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While in prison, Hitler wrote the first volume of Mein Kampf
Question 32 options:
[removed] | My Struggle |
[removed] | My dream |
[removed] | My country |
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Hitler’s goal was to create a vast empire, based on racial nationalism, ruled by a master race
Question 33 options:
[removed] | A 1000-year Reich |
[removed] | A 100-year empire |
[removed] | A 100-year Reich |
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Hitler and the Nazis believed that: the Aryans, being a superior race, were meant by nature to rule over the rest of the earth, and are entitled to take others’ land; Germany must find ___________ – living space -, for the superior German culture and people.
Question 34 options:
[removed] | Lebensraum |
[removed] | Mein Kampf |
[removed] | Blitzkrieg |
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_______would emerge out of a radical right-wing ultra nationalist politics; it was the totalitarian racist ideology and policies, espoused by Hitler and his National Socialist German Worker’s Party’s from 1920-45
Question 35 options:
[removed] | Nazism |
[removed] | Fascism |
[removed] | Consservatism |
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New York stock Exchange collapsed in 1929; unemployment was high; the extremist parties were more attractive because of this worldwide economic crisis: _____
Question 36 options:
[removed] | the Great Depression |
[removed] | the Great Inflation |
[removed] | The Great Economic Crisis |
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Nazi propaganda tied the nonhuman _____ to ‘internationalism,’ and blamed them for all the evils of the world, democracy, inflation, unemployment, political instability and Communism, as well as Germany’s defeat in the Great War.
Question 37 options:
[removed] | Slavs |
[removed] | Jews |
[removed] | French |
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The Nazi Party Platform and Nazi propaganda were
Question 38 options:
[removed] | Anti-Versailles Treaty – attacked the ‘November criminals,’ against reparations |
[removed] | Anti-Bolshevik, anti-liberal, anti-democratic, racist and antisemitic |
[removed] | For idea of nationalism & volkisch ideology |
[removed] | All the above |
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Nazi propaganda depicted Hitler as a savior sent by destiny, and promising
Question 39 options:
[removed] | Economic recovery – putting an end to the hyperinflation |
[removed] | To regain Germany’s ‘proper place’ – restoring Germany’s strength & pride |
[removed] | a & b |
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In 1932, the right-wing elites, industrial magnates, landed aristocrats, military establishment, & higher bureaucrats believed that Hitler would save Germany and their positions from a Communist takeover. On Jan. 30, 1933, President Hindenburg agreed to allow Hitler to become
Question 40 options:
[removed] | President |
[removed] | Chancellor and create a new government |
[removed] | Kaiser |
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