Degree of Certainty

Question

Sixty-four students in an introductory college economics class were asked how many credits they had earned in college, and how certain they were about their choice of major. Research question:At α = .01, is the degree of certainty independent of credits earned?
Credits Earned Very Uncertain Somewhat Certain Very Certain Row Total
0–9 12 8 3 23

10–59 8 4 10 22

60 or more 1 7 11 19

Col Total 21 19 24 64

Question

 A student team examined parked cars in four different suburban shopping malls. One hundred vehicles were examined in each location. Research question: At α = .05, does vehicle type vary by mall location?
Vehicle Type Somerset Oakland Great Lakes Jamestown Row Total

Car 44 49 36 64 193

Minivan 21 15 18 13 67

Full-sized Van 2 3 3 2 10

SUV 19 27 26 12 84

Truck 14 6 17 9 46

Col Total 100 100 100 100 400